Focal aware seizures (auras)
In focal aware seizures (FAS), previously called simple partial seizures, the person is conscious (aware and alert) and will usually know that something is happening and will remember the seizure afterwards.
Some people find their focal aware seizures hard to put into words. During the seizure they may feel ‘strange’ but not able to describe the feeling afterwards. This may be upsetting or frustrating for them.
Epilepsy auras or warnings
FAS are sometimes called ‘warnings’ or ‘auras’ because, for some people, a FAS develops into another type of seizure. The FAS is then a warning that another seizure will happen (see focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures).
Symptoms
Some focal seizures involve movements, called motor symptoms, and some involve unusual feelings or sensations called non-motor symptoms.
Motor symptoms can include:
- making lip-smacking or chewing movements, repeatedly picking up objects or pulling at clothes;
- suddenly losing muscle tone and limbs going limp or floppy, or limbs suddenly becoming stiff;
- repetitive jerking movements that affect one or both sides of the body;
- making a loud cry or scream; or
- making strange postures or repetitive movements such as cycling or kicking.
Non-motor symptoms can include:
- a ‘rising’ feeling in the stomach;
- deja vu (feeling like you've 'been here before');
- getting an unusual smell or taste;
- a sudden intense feeling of fear or joy;
- a strange feeling like a ‘wave’ going through the head;
- stiffness or twitching in part of the body (such as an arm or hand;
- a feeling of numbness or tingling;
- a sensation that an arm or leg feels bigger or smaller than it actually is;
- visual disturbances such as coloured or flashing lights; or
- hallucinations (seeing something that isn’t actually there).
How to help someone having a focal aware seizure
During a focal aware seizure the person is conscious (aware and alert) and usually knows that the seizure is happening. A focal aware seizure could involve any of the symptoms above. As the person might feel strange or be upset, reassuring them might be helpful.
From our blog
Artist Noëmi Manser describes how painting has helped control the intense auras she experienced as part of her epilepsy.
Information produced: November 2023